mysql_secure_installation
MYSQL_SECURE_INSTALLATION(1) MySQL Database SystemMYSQL_SECURE_INSTALLATION(1)
NAME
mysql_secure_installation - improve MySQL installation security
SYNOPSIS
mysql_secure_installation
DESCRIPTION
This program enables you to improve the security of your MySQL
installation in the following ways:
o You can set a password for root accounts.
o You can remove root accounts that are accessible from outside the
local host.
o You can remove anonymous-user accounts.
o You can remove the test database (which by default can be accessed
by all users, even anonymous users), and privileges that permit
anyone to access databases with names that start with test_.
mysql_secure_installation helps you implement security recommendations
similar to those described at Section 2.9.4, "Securing the Initial
MySQL Account".
Normal usage is to connect to the local MySQL server; invoke
mysql_secure_installation without arguments:
mysql_secure_installation
When executed, mysql_secure_installation prompts you to determine which
actions to perform.
The validate_password component can be used for password strength
checking. If the plugin is not installed, mysql_secure_installation
prompts the user whether to install it. Any passwords entered later are
checked using the plugin if it is enabled.
Most of the usual MySQL client options such as --host and --port can be
used on the command line and in option files. For example, to connect
to the local server over IPv6 using port 3307, use this command:
mysql_secure_installation --host=::1 --port=3307
mysql_secure_installation supports the following options, which can be
specified on the command line or in the [mysql_secure_installation] and
[client] groups of an option file. For information about option files
used by MySQL programs, see Section 6.2.2.2, "Using Option Files".
o --help, -?
+--------------------+--------+
|Command-Line Format | --help |
+--------------------+--------+
Display a help message and exit.
o --defaults-extra-file=file_name
+--------------------+-------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --defaults-extra- |
| | file=file_name |
+--------------------+-------------------+
|Type | File name |
+--------------------+-------------------+
Read this option file after the global option file but (on Unix)
before the user option file. If the file does not exist or is
otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs. If file_name is not an
absolute path name, it is interpreted relative to the current
directory.
For additional information about this and other option-file
options, see Section 6.2.2.3, "Command-Line Options that Affect
Option-File Handling".
o --defaults-file=file_name
+--------------------+---------------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --defaults-file=file_name |
+--------------------+---------------------------+
|Type | File name |
+--------------------+---------------------------+
Use only the given option file. If the file does not exist or is
otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs. If file_name is not an
absolute path name, it is interpreted relative to the current
directory.
For additional information about this and other option-file
options, see Section 6.2.2.3, "Command-Line Options that Affect
Option-File Handling".
o --defaults-group-suffix=str
+--------------------+-------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --defaults-group- |
| | suffix=str |
+--------------------+-------------------+
|Type | String |
+--------------------+-------------------+
Read not only the usual option groups, but also groups with the
usual names and a suffix of str. For example,
mysql_secure_installation normally reads the [client] and
[mysql_secure_installation] groups. If this option is given as
--defaults-group-suffix=_other, mysql_secure_installation also
reads the [client_other] and [mysql_secure_installation_other]
groups.
For additional information about this and other option-file
options, see Section 6.2.2.3, "Command-Line Options that Affect
Option-File Handling".
o --host=host_name, -h host_name
+--------------------+--------+
|Command-Line Format | --host |
+--------------------+--------+
Connect to the MySQL server on the given host.
o --no-defaults
+--------------------+---------------+
|Command-Line Format | --no-defaults |
+--------------------+---------------+
Do not read any option files. If program startup fails due to
reading unknown options from an option file, --no-defaults can be
used to prevent them from being read.
The exception is that the .mylogin.cnf file is read in all cases,
if it exists. This permits passwords to be specified in a safer way
than on the command line even when --no-defaults is used. To create
.mylogin.cnf, use the mysql_config_editor utility. See
mysql_config_editor(1).
For additional information about this and other option-file
options, see Section 6.2.2.3, "Command-Line Options that Affect
Option-File Handling".
o --password=password, -p password
+--------------------+---------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --password=password |
+--------------------+---------------------+
|Type | String |
+--------------------+---------------------+
|Default Value | [none] |
+--------------------+---------------------+
This option is accepted but ignored. Whether or not this option is
used, mysql_secure_installation always prompts the user for a
password.
o --port=port_num, -P port_num
+--------------------+-----------------+
|Command-Line Format | --port=port_num |
+--------------------+-----------------+
|Type | Numeric |
+--------------------+-----------------+
|Default Value | 3306 |
+--------------------+-----------------+
For TCP/IP connections, the port number to use.
o --print-defaults
+--------------------+------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --print-defaults |
+--------------------+------------------+
Print the program name and all options that it gets from option
files.
For additional information about this and other option-file
options, see Section 6.2.2.3, "Command-Line Options that Affect
Option-File Handling".
o --protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}
+--------------------+-------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --protocol=type |
+--------------------+-------------------+
|Type | String |
+--------------------+-------------------+
|Default Value | [see text] |
+--------------------+-------------------+
|Valid Values | |
| | TCP |
| | |
| | SOCKET |
| | |
| | PIPE |
| | |
| | MEMORY |
+--------------------+-------------------+
The transport protocol to use for connecting to the server. It is
useful when the other connection parameters normally result in use
of a protocol other than the one you want. For details on the
permissible values, see Section 6.2.7, "Connection Transport
Protocols".
o --socket=path, -S path
+--------------------+--------------------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --socket={file_name|pipe_name} |
+--------------------+--------------------------------+
|Type | String |
+--------------------+--------------------------------+
For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on
Windows, the name of the named pipe to use.
On Windows, this option applies only if the server was started with
the named_pipe system variable enabled to support named-pipe
connections. In addition, the connection must be a member of the
Windows group specified by the named_pipe_full_access_group system
variable.
o --ssl* Options that begin with --ssl specify whether to connect to
the server using encryption and indicate where to find SSL keys and
certificates. See the section called "Command Options for Encrypted
Connections".
o --ssl-fips-mode={OFF|ON|STRICT}
+--------------------+----------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --ssl-fips- |
| | mode={OFF|ON|STRICT} |
+--------------------+----------------------+
|Deprecated | 8.0.34 |
+--------------------+----------------------+
|Type | Enumeration |
+--------------------+----------------------+
|Default Value | OFF |
+--------------------+----------------------+
|Valid Values | |
| | OFF |
| | |
| | ON |
| | |
| | STRICT |
+--------------------+----------------------+
Controls whether to enable FIPS mode on the client side. The
--ssl-fips-mode option differs from other --ssl-xxx options in that
it is not used to establish encrypted connections, but rather to
affect which cryptographic operations to permit. See Section 8.8,
"FIPS Support".
These --ssl-fips-mode values are permitted:
o OFF: Disable FIPS mode.
o ON: Enable FIPS mode.
o STRICT: Enable "strict" FIPS mode.
Note
If the OpenSSL FIPS Object Module is not available, the only
permitted value for --ssl-fips-mode is OFF. In this case,
setting --ssl-fips-mode to ON or STRICT causes the client to
produce a warning at startup and to operate in non-FIPS mode.
As of MySQL 8.0.34, this option is deprecated. Expect it to be
removed in a future version of MySQL.
o --tls-ciphersuites=ciphersuite_list
+--------------------+-------------------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --tls- |
| | ciphersuites=ciphersuite_list |
+--------------------+-------------------------------+
|Introduced | 8.0.16 |
+--------------------+-------------------------------+
|Type | String |
+--------------------+-------------------------------+
The permissible ciphersuites for encrypted connections that use
TLSv1.3. The value is a list of one or more colon-separated
ciphersuite names. The ciphersuites that can be named for this
option depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL. For
details, see Section 8.3.2, "Encrypted Connection TLS Protocols and
Ciphers".
This option was added in MySQL 8.0.16.
o --tls-version=protocol_list
+--------------------------+------------------------------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --tls- |
| | version=protocol_list |
+--------------------------+------------------------------------------+
|Type | String |
+--------------------------+------------------------------------------+
|Default Value (>= 8.0.16) | |
| | TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2,TLSv1.3 |
| | (OpenSSL 1.1.1 |
| | or higher) |
| | |
| | TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2 |
| | (otherwise) |
+--------------------------+------------------------------------------+
|Default Value (<= 8.0.15) | TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2 |
+--------------------------+------------------------------------------+
The permissible TLS protocols for encrypted connections. The value
is a list of one or more comma-separated protocol names. The
protocols that can be named for this option depend on the SSL
library used to compile MySQL. For details, see Section 8.3.2,
"Encrypted Connection TLS Protocols and Ciphers".
o --use-default
+--------------------+---------------+
|Command-Line Format | --use-default |
+--------------------+---------------+
|Type | Boolean |
+--------------------+---------------+
Execute noninteractively. This option can be used for unattended
installation operations.
o --user=user_name, -u user_name
+--------------------+------------------+
|Command-Line Format | --user=user_name |
+--------------------+------------------+
|Type | String |
+--------------------+------------------+
The user name of the MySQL account to use for connecting to the
server.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it only under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
with the program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA or see
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
SEE ALSO
For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference Manual, which
may already be installed locally and which is also available online at
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.
AUTHOR
Oracle Corporation (http://dev.mysql.com/).
MySQL 8.0 12/13/2024 MYSQL_SECURE_INSTALLATION(1)
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